Dual Citizenship: Everything You Need to Know

What is Dual Citizenship?

Also known as dual nationality, a person has dual citizenship when they become a citizen of two countries, and share the rights and responsibilities of citizens of both nations at the same time.

Which Countries Allow Dual Citizenship?

The United States, Spain, Turkey, and many nations in Europe, the Caribbean, and Central and South America allow dual citizenship. Eight countries, including Bulgaria, Croatia, Taiwan, and the Netherlands allow for dual citizenship "by descent."

Will You Lose Your Current Citizenship?

In the United States, there is no requirement that citizens of other countries give up their birth citizenship in order to obtain U.S. citizenship. However, these citizens may lose some rights in their home country once their new U.S. citizenship is established.

For example:

• Citizens in Egypt and Pakistan who obtain dual citizenship forfeit their right to vote and hold government positions
• In Colombia, dual citizens can hold most government positions, but not Minister of Defense or Foreign Affairs
• In the Philippines, dual citizens are prohibited from running for elected office
• In India, you have 90 days to renounce citizenship and surrender your passport

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:

• Vote in either country
• Access to jobs and business ownership opportunities
• Government benefits in both countries
• Travel to second country without a visa

Disadvantages:

• May need to register for military service in both countries
• May have to pay taxes in both countries
• May lose diplomatic protection from your original country

How to Become a Dual Citizen

If you are a foreign national living in the United States, you can acquire U.S. citizenship through naturalization. The process begins with filing Form N-400.

Required Documentation:

• A copy of your green card
• A copy of your marriage certificate
• Two passport-style photos
• Form N-426 (if applying based on military service)

Naturalization Requirements:

• Good character and judgement
• Understanding of U.S. Constitution ideals
• Basic fluency in English
• Basic understanding of U.S. history and civic values

After successfully completing the interview and tests, you will attend a public ceremony where you formally swear allegiance to the United States and receive your certificate of naturalization.